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When it comes to cataracts, many people instinctively think of them as an “eye condition exclusive to the elderly.” Indeed, as we age, the lens gradually loses its function, metabolism slows down, and the likelihood of developing cataracts increases accordingly.

However, the reality is that the “clutches” of cataracts are no longer limited to the elderly. Dr. Tan Yongchang, Director of the Cataract Department at Dongguan Aier Eye Hospital, warns that the following groups are also at high risk for cataracts. Check yourself now!

High-Risk Groups for Cataracts

People who spend a lot of time outdoors

Ultraviolet (UV) rays are the “silent killer” of the lens. Prolonged exposure to strong sunlight accelerates the denaturation and clouding of lens proteins, causing cataracts to develop earlier.

If you frequently work outdoors or enjoy hiking, trekking, or beach vacations, it is recommended that you wear high-quality sunglasses or a wide-brimmed hat to provide an extra layer of protection for your eyes.

People with a family history of cataracts

Cataracts have a familial tendency. If your parents or immediate family members have cataracts—especially early-onset cataracts—you should start paying closer attention to your eye health and undergo regular checkups sooner.

People who smoke or drink alcohol regularly

The damage caused by tobacco and alcohol to the eyes accumulates over time. Studies show that people who smoke or drink alcohol regularly have a significantly higher incidence of cataracts.

People with diabetes or high blood pressure

Diabetes is one of the major risk factors for cataracts. Poor blood sugar control can lead to metabolic disorders in the lens, causing clouding to occur earlier and progress more rapidly. High blood pressure may affect microcirculation in the eye, indirectly increasing the risk of cataracts.

If you have either of these chronic conditions, in addition to managing your blood sugar and blood pressure, it is recommended that you include an eye exam as part of your annual physical checkup.

People who use corticosteroids long-term

Some patients with asthma or rheumatic and autoimmune diseases require long-term oral or inhaled corticosteroids. Prolonged use of these medications may also increase the risk of cataracts. If you are currently using corticosteroids long-term, it is recommended that you undergo regular eye exams.

People with High Myopia

Individuals with myopia exceeding 600 degrees are considered high-risk for early-onset cataracts. Compared to the general population, people with high myopia may develop cataracts at an earlier age, and the condition may progress more rapidly.

People Who Have Suffered Eye Trauma

Eye injuries such as blows, punctures, or foreign objects entering the eye can damage the lens structure and lead to traumatic cataracts.

Common scenarios include: being struck in the eye by a ball or an elbow during sports; foreign objects entering the eye during home renovations; and even prolonged massage of the orbital area with a muscle gun, which can damage the lens. The eye is a delicate organ, so extra caution is needed regarding external impacts.

People Who Stare at Electronic Screens for Long Periods

Staring at a computer at work and scrolling through a phone after work—keeping the eyes under constant strain—has become the norm for modern people. Although electronic devices themselves do not directly “cause” cataracts, excessive eye strain accelerates eye fatigue and makes conditions like cataracts and presbyopia increasingly common among young people.